杉木与乳源木莲混交林生物量分布规律研究

在调查杉木与乳源木莲混交林及杉木纯林(对照)生长量的基础上,进一步分析了杉木与乳源木莲混交林及杉木纯林地上部分各器官及各径级根生物量分配格局。研究结果表明,杉木与乳源木莲混交林中杉木的生长及林分总生物量的积累均优于杉木纯林。从生物量分配上看,杉木与乳源木莲混交林中杉木及纯林中杉木其地上部分各器官的分配均表现为树干>叶>枝,但混交林中杉木叶和干分配率略大于纯林,而枝分配率略低于纯林;混交林中杉木各径级根的生物量均大于杉木纯林。     

安徽省查湾天然常绿阔叶林结构特点

对安徽省祁门查湾自然保护区亚热带常绿阔叶林成熟林分的结构特点进行了调查分析。结果表明:该林分在600 m2的样地内出现树种数(D≥3.0 cm)为11个,多样性指数为1.94,均匀度指数为0.81,低于我国东部中亚热带其他地区常绿阔叶林。但林下植被树种(D≤3.0 cm)多样性较高,出现树种数达21种,表明森林植被干扰后树种多样性得到了较好恢复。     

杉木萌芽更新技术与调查分析

通过对杉木萌芽更新林分1～15年生长观测分析,结果表明:1～4年幼树阶段平均树高、地径分别达4.1m、9.5 cm,是同林龄实生幼林的241.2%、351.9%;10年生杉木萌芽更新林分平均胸径、树高、蓄积量分别达11.4 cm、7.8 m、97.9 m3/hm2,是同林龄实生林的142.5%、116.4%、159.2%;15年生杉木萌芽更新林分平均胸径、树高、蓄积量分别达15.6 cm、10.3 m、192.8 m3/hm2,是同林龄实生林的126.8%、103.0%、118.4%;从杉木萌芽更新和实生苗造林前期成本投入来看,前者是后者成本的60.8%。可见,杉木萌芽更新是投入少、技术简单、生长快、轮伐期短的更新方式。     

Prediction of pine mistletoe infection using remote sensing imaging: A comparison of the artificial neural network model and logistic regression model

In this study, the prediction of pine mistletoe distribution in Scots pine ecosystems was explored using remote sensing variables to compare the multilayer perceptron (MLP) artificial neural network (ANN) and logistic regression (LR) model performances. For this purpose, 109 sample plots were distinguished in pure Scots pine forests (natural) in the Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey. Distinguishing mistletoe-infected stands (69) and uninfected stands (40) was performed with field observations. The variables acquired from Landsat 8 (Level 1) images were used as independent variables for independent-sample t-test, MLP ANN and LR models. Remote sensing variables indicated that mistletoe-infected stands were in drier areas with a lower vegetation-leaf area index. Based on the performance results of both models, the sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy of the MLP ANN model were superior to those of the LR model. The prediction percentages (SEN, SPE, PPV and NPV) of mistletoe-infected stands were better than the prediction percentages of uninfected stands. The prediction accuracies of LR and MLP ANN models were 74.3% and 89.6%, respectively. However, all remote sensing variables were included in the prediction equation of the MLP ANN model, while the thermal infrared 1 (TIRS1) variable was included in the LR model. In the MLP ANN model, the TIRS1 variable also had the highest normalized importance (100%). The area under the curve (AUC) value for identifying the mistletoe-infected stands of Scots pine forests used by the MLP ANN model (0.892 ± 0.034) was higher than in the LR model (0.838 ± 0.039), explaining the more accurate predictions obtained from the MLP ANN model. The MLP ANN model showed much better performance than the LR model. The results of this study are expected to make important contributions to the identification of potential mistletoe-infected areas.     

Asymptotic Attractors of the Nonlinear Evolution Equation in Bounded Domain

The basic principle of infinite-dimensional dynamic system is to try to reduce the original infinite-dimensional system to an infinite-dimensional system. However,due to the unknown structure of the reduced system, it is difficult to describe its dynamical behaviour. To overcome this difficulty, the idea of approximate inertial manifolds is introduced, for NSE, the existence of AIM was studied, it is shown that the global attractor lies within a neighborhood of the graph of an Lipschitz function by the squeezing property. In this paper, by constructing a finite dimensional solution sequence, we will prove that it tends to the global attractor, theoretically, this provides a metod of constructing the asymptotic attractors, theoretically, this provides a method of constructing the asymptotic attractors for the evolution equations.     

Attractors of Partly Dissipative Reaction-diffusion Equation on Rn

We discuss the problem related to the long time behavior of solutions of the partly dissipative reaction-diffusion equations in unbounded domain,and prove the existence of the compact attractors.The coefficient of the reaction-term depends on space variables,which extend Wang B and Marion M's results.     

A Globally Convergent Algorithm for Nonlinear Programming

A new globally convergent algorithm was presented for a continuous differen-tiable nonlinear programming by defining a measure function deviating from the Kuhn-Tucker point. With this algorithm which can be used to get the optimum solution of the problem,the optimal lagrangian multiplier corresponding the optimal solution of the problem was also obtained. A new iterative algorithm for quadratic programming is obtained when applying the general algorithm to quadratic programming. Finally,a numerical example was given.     

宁南山区林果产业发展现状 存在问题及对策

针对宁南山区林果产业发展现状,分析了当前存在的问题。提出通过转变观念、新品种引进、示范区带动、产业带建设和水资源结合、规范技术管理、提供中介服务、提高果品深加工处理水平、制定优惠政策等措施,进一步促进宁南山区林果产业有序健康发展。     

林业制度性因素对商品林发展的影响

以集体林区的林业生产经营为背景、以商品林的经营为研究对象,采用制度性因素和其他因素相互作用下构成的成本效益与风险的分析框架,着重分析了林业制度性因素对林业发展的影响。通过研究认为,制度性因素是经济激励的基础以及保证经营主体获得和实现预期收益的前提条件,但只有在同时突破自然条件、技术条件、市场条件和制度条件的制约后,林业经营主体才能保证获得较好的预期收益以及预期收益得到保障和实现,进而农民及其他社会的力量将投资于林业的建设。     

Consensus versus dissent: Democracy,pluralism and governance in Sāmoa

Abstract: Consensus is a term widely used in Sāmoa and elsewhere in the Pacific. It is considered to be a key feature of decision‐making and a fundamental characteristic of fa’asāmoa and other Pacific ways of being and doing. In Sāmoa it has been a mark of the strength and continuity of the fa’a matai through the ages of colonialism, neo‐colonialism and globalisation. However, although it has evolved in many ways to take into account new social trends (for instance allowing children to take part in family discussions) and remains strong at the family and village level, its role at the national level has virtually disappeared. This is seldom stated publicly and consensus is still held up as a defining characteristic of Sāmoaness. At the same time, although the rise of dissent is given little acknowledgement, it permeates public life. One could assume, based on this result that the ideology of consensus is perpetuated in order to reduce national public debate on governance issues.